Totally agree with what @Jennifer_Dungan has shared. When you are looking at segmented data at a visitor level scope, different periods can produce different numbers and it is working as designed.
Let's take this very simple example,
Now let's say we have a segment with below definition,
Segment: Visitors WHERE pageName = "Cart Page"
Here's how the data will change with changing the reporting period for above segment,
Note that both visitors 1 and 3 have seen Cart Page during the reporting period "Week 1 and Week 2", they qualify for the segment and as both of these visitors have visited during both the weeks they count against the UVs for each week.
if we create the segment with below definition,
Segment: Visitors WHERE pageName = "Home Page"
Here's how the data will change with changing the reporting period for this segment,
Here if you see, although visitor 2 qualifies for segment for reporting period "Week 1 and Week 2", this visitor is not counted against UVs for week two as the visitor haven't visited the site during that week, if this visitor had visited the site during week 2 through any page then UV count for that week will be 3 as well.
So, based on your segment scope and reporting period you can notice the Visitor and Visit based numbers to change. However, any hit based numbers (like page view, instances) should stay same for a given period.
Cheers!