columnWidths property helps to set the width of the column dynamically.   https://help.adobe.com/en_US/livecycle/10.0/DesignerScriptingRef/WS92d06802c76abadb-3e14850712a151d270d-781a.html

If there are multiple selections for the sub-dropdown for some value in the first dropdown, then you need to take the sub-dropdown in the form. You can place the sub-dropdown in place of the text field you are putting in the form. You can have both dropdowns visible for the selection, I don't unders...

The below link has your answer:  https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/experience-manager-65/content/sites/administering/introduction/tc-msconf.html?lang=en    

Refer to the below to give proper privileges and roles for your user group to work with the template and forms. https://docs.mktossl.com/docs/experience-manager-65/content/forms/manage-administer-aem-forms/forms-groups-privileges-tasks.html?lang=en  

Have you copied and pasted the content from somewhere inside the short description field? It seems like taking the rich text. Try to remove the whole text and then type a single word and check. Take a fresh field and add a single word in short description to check.    

You need to write the code to dynamically populate the second dropdown on the change or exit event of the first dropdown. eg.: Need to create the mapping like the first dropdown has the country and the second dropdown has the city for that country.   India > Mumbai, Delhi Australia > Sydney, Melbour...

Seems like an issue with your data binding in the table row, need to check your form with sample data to resolve the issue. Share form and sample data if you can.

With another tool, I don't know if it's feasible or not, but if you want to replace some code then you can open your form in AEM Designer and go to the XML Source tab, where you can find and replace any script code.    

In your form, in some fields, there are more than one para element. It should be one in any field. Which is causing this, removing the same will fix this issue.      

On git changes, you can create the pipeline in Cloud Manager. refer this: https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/experience-manager-learn/cloud-service/cloud-manager/cicd-production-pipeline.html?lang=en