The SlingPostServlet is a default servlet that can be used to post form data to the AEM JCR. Of course, you have the choice of developing your own sling servlet instead.
The above article was about creating a sling post processor, which is fired when a SlingPostServlet occurs. So to your first question, the answer is yes. You can use a sling post processor to introduce app logic you want to use when a sling post servlet is used.
To your 2nd, when you perform a sling post servlet, you DO specify the JCR path. See this article where a path under /content is used.
https://helpx.adobe.com/experience-manager/using/using-sling-post-servlets.html