Hey @crich2784
Let me give you a couple of insights:
1. Yes, you can protect with SAML-specific "paths" of the content tree, meaning that if you hit specific "paths" the Authentication will occur, this is achievable through the Adobe Granite SAML 2.0 Authentication Handler configuration as you mentioned

2.To protect your forms from being edited, there are a couple of approaches. If you plan to enable SOO on the Publish server, you don't need to worry about it, as the authoring UI is not available there. However, if you plan to enable SOO on the Author server, this should be managed through regular AEM ACLs. In the same Adobe Granite SAML 2.0 Authentication Handler configuration, you can define groups to which users who successfully log in to AEM should be added. This can help ensure that users who are part of that group are not given editable permissions for your forms.

Esteban Bustamante