For GA4, I believe you're referring to the User Engagement metric that is described at https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/11109416?hl=en. In that documentation's example, you can see that time spent is measured with every hit that is sent to GA4. Notice in that example that when there is a "scroll" event (within the same page), engagement time is measured too.
On the other hand, AA measures time spent by the difference between 2 timestamps, as documented at https://experienceleague.adobe.com/docs/analytics/components/metrics/time-spent.html?lang=en. So if the user views one page in your website only, then even though the user scrolls in that page, the time spent for that page will still be 0 because there is no timestamp from a second page to calculate a duration.
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As you've probably discovered from this situation, it's important to understand the definitions that are used by different analytics platforms for even the same terms. Heck, even something as basic as "visits" (AA) vs "sessions" (GA) have different definitions. Do your best to understand the definitions from the respective platforms' documentation, then apply your understanding to the data that you see in your reports.
All the best.