As I understand it, you can only create audiences with it.
Of course you can also create activities with the audiences that write something in your profile. But that is your one request later - and possibly then too late and complicated. Then you can also use e.g. session storage and pass the parameters to targetPageParamsAll() according to the profile at the next page load.
Here is something else mentioned. Maybe this will help you:
Alternatively, you could pass the values as profile parameters using the profile. prefix, and just pass them in the first Target request of the session. However, you would be limited to passing fifty profile parameters per request.
How to Implement Data Providers to Integrate Third-party Data | Adobe Target