Hello,
If you have setup Publish environment in your local and testing the changes then yes you can use any below mentioned approach
debug logging
monitoring network tab using Developer tools.
Looking at the bundles in Felix to see whether bundle is active
HowEver, if you are planning to test your publish changes on higher environment on AEMAsCloud instance then:-
1) You can set log level to debug and print your logs there.
2) You can monitor network tab to see basic network calls and encoded source files that are loaded.
3) OSGI console is not accessible but Using Admin console you can check bundle status.
If you are testing this on AEM 6.5 instance which is not on cloud and managed by AMS then you cannot check Felix console, until and unless you got access from Adobe.