To link from outside the app, you can use this format:
dps.<publicationID>://
Example: dps.d14ddfea-7e7f-45ee-a2ef-cffc669627aa://
See the section of the hyperlinks article about linking from outside the app: Hyperlinks in AEM Mobile
To answer your question, if you have both a development app and a production app installed on the same device, I'm not sure which app take precedence. Both refer to the same publication ID. Personally, I try to avoid having the dev and dist versions of the same app on a device. Unless you build your app using Enterprise certs, Apple doesn't let you install both the dev and dist version of the app on a device, so I haven't tested this.