If I understand correctly what you are trying to achieve, the only method known to me would be to have a clone of the engagement stream that follows an alternate cadence and also starts at the email you want them to receive next (plus the rest of the emails they would have gotten in the original engagement stream).
Perhaps a little less unelegant could be to add them to an alternate stream inside the same engagement program (for your sanity) that does the same: send the next item in queue and restart the casts to maintain cadence.
Or perhaps combine that with a set of smart campaigns that remove people from the stream, send the email they should receive keeping the cadence, then add them back in for the next cast. They should receive the next item for which they are not a member yet.
This behavior would need to be triggered as part of the logic in the previous piece of content (the one they are not a member of at the time of the cast), since I think when you are a member, the engagement stream doesn't trigger anything at all.
As far as I know Marketo never fixed this "miss-cast" when using nested programs. The only way is to not use nested programs and use email assets instead. Or the very unelegant and unmaintainable solution I mention above.