How can I build a component that allows for customization through a config file so we can control certain styling options without doing development work each time like in other CMS wordpress & drupal ?
See this best practices document for components:
https://helpx.adobe.com/experience-manager/using/best-practices-cq-component-design.html
"Do not define CSS styling in components. This practice keeps components loosely coupled from a styling standpoint and lets you restyle them whenever necessary"
Note that component styling is done in CSS - not a config file. You can place CSS in various repository locations. That way - when you want to modify style - update the CSS.
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