I could see the same behavior in my local. Components that are dragged and dropped, the length of node name is restricted to 20 characters(excluding _ in end and random number). But that should ideally not impact any functionality because the name of node for a component is random and its functionality works based on Sling resolution. For example if you drag and drop the same component again, its name would be global_nav_categorie_RANDOM_NUMBER.
If somewhere you are referring this node name, then you should use cq:template and refer the exact same name i.e. global_nav_categorie or refer same name in structure/initial of editable template. It should work fine.
Also if there is no restriction, I think you can change the name of the component and limit its name to max 20 characters.