@jakecham
There's no AEM component library that ships for free against your organisations custom components, however, you can use the Components Console from AEM. Simply navigate to main navigation > tools > general > components (http://localhost:4502/libs/wcm/core/content/sites/components.html).
The Components Console will be able to show you details, policies, and live usage of how the component is being used.
If your component has a README.MD detailed information can be exposed in the Components Console, take a look at the AEM V2 WCM Core Components Breadcrumb, http://localhost:4502/apps/core/wcm/components/breadcrumb/v2/breadcrumb/README.md.
Click here to see how to use the Component's Console - https://sourcedcode.com/blog/aem/how-many-times-is-an-aem-component-used-in-the-jcr#components-console
If you wish to build a components library that looks something like this, https://www.aemcomponents.dev/, you would need to re-create a New AEM site that has a single responsibility, which is to showcase your organizations custom components with its details.
When you are building components, a website like this will not be automatically generated, https://www.aemcomponents.dev
A component library is nothing but an AEM site that showcases components. In the example of https://www.aemcomponents.dev., the components showcased are AEM WCM Core Components. You can definitely use these components to speed up your AEM development.